Which of the following is not an advantage of arrest?

Arrest serves multiple purposes and advantages in law enforcement, but considering the scope of this question, the option highlighting surveillance of the offender's location may not qualify as a direct advantage of the act of arrest itself.

When an individual is arrested, law enforcement has the ability to take custody of the person, which enables a range of investigative steps such as examining injuries sustained during the arrest process. Non-invasive samples can be gathered for forensic analysis if necessary, and an identification parade can be arranged to identify suspects in a controlled manner. These are all tangible actions that can be beneficial during an investigation.

In contrast, while knowing an offender's location can be an important aspect of policing, it does not stem directly from the arrest process. The surveillance of where an offender might go is more of a strategic aspect of policing rather than a specific outcome or benefit of the arrest itself. Arrest is primarily about taking a suspect into custody, not necessarily about tracking them afterward, which is an operation that can happen for various reasons irrespective of whether that person is arrested. Therefore, this aspect differentiates it from the other options that are more closely tied to the immediate consequences and benefits of an arrest.